Combination treatments against cutaneous sulfur mustard exposure in the mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM)
 
Kiser, R.C., Moore, D.M., Niemuth, N.A., Biddle, B.M., Babin, M.C., Casillas, R.P., Smith, W.J., Koplovitz, I
The mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM) has been used as a screening tool at Battelle to identify compounds protective against sulfur mustard (SM)-induced cutaneous injury. The original MEVM provided a quantitative edema response and histopathological endpoints as measurements of inflammation and tissue damage at 24 h following a topical SM (0.16 mg) exposure. Compound effectiveness was defined as a reduction in these endpoints. To further evaluate lead candidate compounds, the MEVM more recently was modified for use as a 7-day model. At the same time, a modified Draize scoring system of 0-4 (from no damage to extensive necrosis) was incorporated as the primary endpoint to quickly and easily evaluate and grade the extent of ear tissue damage up to Day 7 and/or Day 14. Nine lead candidate compounds were selected to be evaluated as single +10 min post-treatments after a 0.08 mg SM challenge. These compounds were tested alone and in combination with each other, with ear tissues being scored on Day 7 and additionally on Day 14. Compounds and/or combinations of compounds were determined to either pass or fail based on Draize ear tissue scores being statistically better than those observed for the SM no treatment control group. Day 7 Draize scores were significantly reduced when 4 compounds (4-Methyl-2-mercaptopyridine-1-oxide (ICD# 1308), BAL (ICD# 2525), octyl homovanillamide (ICD# 2980), and 8-Methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide or capsaicin (ICD# 3537) were tested alone and in combination with 7 or 8 of the other compounds. Even at Day 14, some tissue scores were significantly reduced when treated with 1308, 2980 and 3537 alone or in combinations with the other compounds. In many cases, however, the combination treatments were not significantly more effective than the individual treatments.
Proceedings of the medical defense bioscience review, 2004
216-1
 
© Copyright 2007 Joshua P. Gray